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Evidence Summary

The active compound icariin has demonstrated phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibiting and neurotrophic effects in rat models of erectile dysfunction, with low-dose icariin (1 mg/kg) showing improved intracavernous pressure ratios (PMID: 20141584). In ovariectomized rat models, icariin showed significant improvements in bone mineral density and bone turnover markers, suggesting potential anti-osteoporosis effects (PMID: 29208188). In mouse atherosclerosis models, icariin reduced lesion area and macrophage infiltration via CX3CR1 downregulation (PMID: 26802470). All meaningful mechanistic findings are from animal studies only.

Source: auto-research

Effective Dose

No established dose from provided human clinical studies